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Umbria owes its name to the Umbriansd, an ancient Italic population which lived here and were defeated by the Etruscans. The Romans conquered the region in307 a.C., and Umbria became one of the most powerful areas in Central Italy.
It included the land of the Casuentini (Casentino) and it was limited to the West from the Tevere between Tifernum (CIttà di Castello) and Otriculum (Otricoli), confined to East with the country of the Sabini, the Piceno and the Adriatic between the two rivers Aesis (Esino) and Rubicone, and was crossed by the consular way Flaminia.
After the end of the Roman Empire, its territory was limited between the rivers Tevere and Nera and the Appennins, forming the greater part of the Ducato di Spoleto. In the Middle Age it passed under various dominations (the Visconti, the King of Naples, Fortebraccio Braccio from Montone) and was the scenario for the fights among the most powerful families (Oddi and Baglioni); however in this period a remarkable attention was given to the arts, with schools of architecture, sculpture and painting, which left splendid momuments all through Umbria. Umbria was afterwards incorporated to the Papal State and followed its various fortune until 1860, when it was annexed to the newborn Italy. The Second World War invested the Umbria in the summer of 1944, but not many fights were fought here; in Terni and Foligno many buildings and monuments were bombed, together with the Airport of Sant'Egidio and many bridges of the Tiber near Perugia.
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